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Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was first developed by Imperial Chemicals (ICI) in 1977. It was officially sold as VICTREX® PEEK in 1982. In 1993, VICTREX acquired the ICI production plant as an independent company. Victrex has the widest range of polyaryletherketones on the market and currently has an annual capacity of 4,250 tons. In addition, the third plant of VICTREX® polyaryletherketone, which produces 2,900 tons per year, will be put into operation in early 2015, when the capacity will exceed 7,000 t/ a.
First, the performance profile
PEEK is the most important product of polyaryletherketones. Its special molecular structure gives the polymer high temperature resistance, excellent mechanical properties, good self-lubricity, easy processing, chemical corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, peel resistance and radiation resistance. Excellent properties such as stability, insulation stability, hydrolysis resistance and easy processing are the best thermoplastic engineering plastics.
表 1 VICTREX PEEK聚合物的常规性能
High temperature resistance
VICTREX PEEK polymeric materials and blends typically have a glass transition temperature of 143 ° C, a melting point of 343 ° C, a heat denaturation temperature of up to 335 ° C (ISO 75 Af, carbon fiber filled), and a continuous use temperature of 260 ° C (UL746B, no fill).
2. Wear resistance
VICTREX PEEK polymer material has excellent resistance to friction and wear, especially wear-resistant modified friction grades, exhibiting excellent wear resistance over a wide range of pressures, speeds, temperatures and contact surface roughness. Sex.
3. Chemical resistance
VICTREX PEEK polymer material has similar corrosion resistance to nickel steel, excellent corrosion resistance in most chemical environments, and excellent chemical resistance even in high temperature environments.
4. Fire smoke and non-toxic
VICTREX PEEK polymer material is very stable, 1.5mm sample, can achieve UL94-V0 grade without flame retardant. The composition and inherent purity of this material will result in very little fumes and toxic gases in the event of a fire.
5. Hydrolysis resistance
VICTREX PEEK polymeric materials and blends are resistant to chemical attack by water or high pressure steam. Parts made from this material maintain a high level of mechanical properties when used continuously in water at high temperatures and pressures.
6. Excellent electrical properties
VICTREX PEEK polymer materials maintain good electrical performance over a wide range of frequencies and temperatures.
In addition, VICTREX PEEK polymer materials are also highly pure, environmentally friendly and easy to process.
Second, research production status
Since its successful development, PEEK has been widely favored by its own excellent performance, and has rapidly become a new research hotspot. It has strengthened a series of chemical and physical modification of PEEK, which further broadened the application field of PEEK.
Chemical modification
Chemical modification is to change the molecular structure and regularity of the polymer by introducing special functional groups or small molecules, such as: changing the ratio of ether ketone groups in the main chain or introducing other groups in the main chain, branching and crosslinking, introduction Side chain groups, block copolymerization and random copolymerization, etc., in turn change their thermodynamic properties.
VICTREX® HTTM and VICTREX® STTM are PEK and PEKEKK, respectively, which improve the high temperature resistance of the polymer by changing the E/K ratio.
2. Physical modification
Compared with chemical modification, physical modification is more widely used in practical applications, including filling reinforcement, blending modification, and surface modification.
1) Filling enhancement
The most common filler reinforcement is fiber reinforcement, including fiberglass, carbon fiber reinforcement and aramid fiber reinforcement. Experiments have shown that glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber have good affinity with PEEK, so they are often selected as filler to enhance PEEK, making high-performance composite materials and improving the strength and service temperature of PEEK resin. HMF-Grades is a new carbon fiber-filled composite from VICTREX. This material has better fatigue resistance than the current high-strength carbon fiber-filled VICTREX PEEK series, combining ease of processing with excellent mechanical properties.
In order to reduce friction, reduce wear, etc., it is often improved by adding small molecules such as PTFE and graphite. Wear Grades is VICTREXs special modification to the special wear-resistant environment such as bearings.
2) Blending modification
Te blending of PEEK with organic polymer materials with high glass transition temperature not only improves the thermal properties of the composites, but also reduces the production cost, and also has a great influence on its mechanical properties.
VICTREX®MAX-SeriesTM is a blend of VICTREX PEEK polymer materials and authentic EXTEM® UH thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) resins based on SABIC Innovative Plastics. High Performance MAX SeriesTM polymeric materials have excellent heat resistance and are designed to meet the growing demand for higher temperature resistant PEEK polymeric materials.
VICTREX® T Series is a patented blend based on VICTREX PEEK polymeric material and Celazole® polybenzimidazole (PBI). It can be melt processed and can still meet the required strength, wear resistance, hardness, creep and thermal properties under the most severe high temperature conditions.
3) Surface modification
VICTREX and Wacker (a leading manufacturer of liquid silicones) have conducted research showing that VICTREX PEEK polymer materials and silicones are both rigid and soft, combining the advantages of both, while also possessing the adhesion of other engineering plastics. . With PEEK components as inserts, overmolded with liquid silicone rubber, or with two-component injection molding technology, excellent adhesion is achieved. VICTREX PEEK injection mold temperature is 180 ° C, the use of its latent heat can make silicone rubber fast curing, thus reducing the overall injection cycle, the advantages of two-component injection molding technology is here.
3. Other
1) VICOTETM coating
To compensate for the performance shortcomings of todays multiple coating technologies, VICTREX has introduced a PEEK-based coating, VICOTETM coating. For demanding applications exposed to extreme conditions such as high temperatures, chemical corrosion and wear, VICOTETM coatings offer excellent resistance to high temperatures, abrasion, strength, durability and scratch resistance, as well as numerous high performance advantages, whether applied Parts in the industrial, automotive, food processing, semiconductor, electronics, or pharmaceutical industries use VICOTETM coatings to extend application life, improve product performance and functionality, reduce overall system cost, and increase design freedom. Product differentiation.
2) APTIVTM film
APTIVTM film is unique in its ability to combine the outstanding properties inherent in VICTREX PEEK polymer materials and is one of the most versatile high performance film products available today. The new APTIV film is versatile and suitable for a wide range of applications, including cell phone speakers and consumer speaker diaphragms, wire and cable insulation and wound jackets, pressure transducers and sensor diaphragms, industrial and electronic wear surfaces, electrical substrates and aviation. Insulating felt, etc.
Third, the application area
Since its launch on the market, PEEK has been widely used in aerospace, automotive, electronics, energy, industrial, semiconductor and medical fields.
Aerospace
Aerospace is the earliest application area developed by PEEK. The specificity of the aerospace industry usually requires lightweight materials that are flexible in processing, low in processing cost, and resistant to harsh environments. PEEK can replace a wide range of aircraft components with aluminum and other metal materials because of its exceptionally strong, chemically inert and flame retardant properties and its ease of processing into extremely small tolerance parts.
Inside the aircraft, successful cases include wire harness clamps and pipe clamps, impeller blades, cabin door handles, insulation covers, composite fasteners, cable ties, wire harnesses, corrugated bushings, etc.; external radomes, Drop frame hub cap, manhole cover, fairing bracket, etc.
In addition, PEEK resins can be used to make battery slots, bolts, nuts, and rocket engine parts for rockets.
2. Automotive industry
At present, the automotive industry is increasingly demanding the dual performance of vehicle weight, cost minimization and product performance maximization, especially the pursuit of car comfort and stability, corresponding air-conditioning, power windows, airbags and ABS brake system. The weight of other devices is also increasing. Using PEEK resin to produce automotive parts with good thermodynamic properties, friction resistance, low density and easy processing, the processing cost is greatly reduced, not only can we reduce weight by up to 90%, but also guarantee long service life, so PEEK Metallic stainless steel and titanium substitutes are used to make the material of the engine inner cover, and to manufacture various components such as automobile bearings, gaskets, seals, clutch ring gears, and many other applications in the transmission, brake and air conditioning systems of automobiles.
3. Electronics industry
VICTREX PEEK is characterized by high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low volatility, low precipitation, low moisture absorption, environmentally friendly flame retardant, dimensional stability and flexible processing. It is used in computers, mobile phones, circuit boards, printers, light-emitting diodes, batteries, switches, etc. Widely used in electronic devices such as connector plugs and hard disk drives.
4. Energy industry
Choosing the right materials is often seen as one of the key factors in the successful development of the energy industry. In recent years, VICTREX PEEK has become increasingly popular in the energy sector to improve operational performance and reduce the risk of downtime associated with component failure.
VICTREX PEEKs own high heat resistance, radiation resistance, hydrolysis resistance, self-lubrication, chemical resistance and excellent electrical properties are increasingly used by the energy industry, such as submarine integrated wiring harnesses, wire and cable, electrical connectors, downhole sensors, Bearings, bushings, gears, support rings and other products are used in oil and gas, hydropower, geothermal, wind power, nuclear energy, and solar energy.
APTIVTM film and VICOTETM coatings are also widely used in the industry.
5. Other
In the mechanical industry, PEEK resins are commonly used to make compressor valves, piston rings, seals and various chemical pump bodies and valve components. The use of this resin instead of stainless steel to make the impeller of the vortex pump can significantly reduce the degree of wear and noise and prolong its service life. In addition, modern connectors are another potential application market because PEEK resins meet the specifications of the pipe set workpiece materials and can be bonded with various adhesives at high temperatures.
The semiconductor industry is moving toward larger wafers, smaller chips, narrower lines and linewidth sizes. VI CTREx PEEK polymer materials are evident in wafer fabrication, front-end processing, processing and inspection, and back-end processing. The advantages.
In the medical industry, PEEK resin can withstand up to 3000 cycles of autoclaving at 134 ° C. This feature makes it suitable for the production of surgical and dental equipment requiring high sterilization and repeated use. PEEK resin exhibits high mechanical strength, good stress resistance and hydrolytic stability under conditions of hot water, steam, solvents and chemical reagents. It can be used to manufacture a variety of medical devices requiring high temperature steam sterilization. PEEK not only has the advantages of light weight, non-toxicity and corrosion resistance, but also the material closest to human bones, which can be organically combined with the body. Therefore, using PEK resin instead of metal to make human bones is another important application in the medical field.
Fourth, the prospects
With the development of science and technology, peoples requirements for materials will be higher and higher, especially in the current shortage of energy, weight loss and cost reduction are issues that every enterprise must consider. To replace steel with plastic is the inevitable development of materials in the future. The trend is that there will be more and more demand for PEEK, a "all-round" special engineering plastic, and the application field will become wider and wider.
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